Why does papilloma occur and how to treat it?

Papilloma is a benign papillary formation on the surface of the skin and mucous membranes.The cause is the human papillomavirus (HPV), which infects most of the world's population.Growths can appear on any part of the body, including intimate places and internal organs.

What causes papillomas?

The disease is sexually transmitted in 50% of cases, but may not manifest for a long time.Clinical symptoms are observed when the body's immune defenses are weakened, which is caused by colds, inflammation, and concomitant chronic diseases of the internal organs.

Papillomas on the body most often appear in adolescence, which coincides with the beginning of sexual activity.In young people, the cause may be frequent changes of sexual partners, anal sex.In the intimate area, growths usually form within 1-2 months after unprotected intercourse.

Papilloma is observed more often in women than in men.Benign formations can occur in the anogenital area and on the mucous membranes of the vagina and cervix.This often leads to cancer of the reproductive organs.Due to weak immunity, young children are vulnerable to HPV infection;the virus is transmitted from infected parents through close household contact.

Often overweight patients ask dermatologists: why do papillomas appear on the body?In people who are overweight, signs of the disease are diagnosed especially often.The reason is a metabolic disorder in the body.The tumor is localized mainly in the skin folds of the armpits, groin, under the mammary glands, on the neck, eyelids and face.

Why does papilloma appear on the body, where does it come from?

After entering the blood, the papilloma virus begins to multiply actively, affecting the upper layer of the skin.If the immune system is strong enough, external manifestations of infection may not be noticed for a long time.But when favorable conditions are created, pathological proliferation of epithelial cells occurs.

The incubation period does not exceed 3 months, but in some cases the latent course of the disease lasts up to 2 years.Causes that provoke the appearance of papillomas on the body are influenza, poisoning, severe stress, acute inflammatory diseases, pregnancy, and adolescence.

The main routes of HPV infection:

• From the sick mother to the child during the birth canal.This happens if a woman has papillomas in her intimate area.Pathogens can also be transferred to babies through breast milk.
• The disease is transmitted sexually from an infected partner to a healthy one.Using a condom will reduce the risk.But if the tumor is localized in the perineum or anus, contraception is ineffective.
• The household route of infection occurs through shared towels and hygiene items.Thus, the virus enters the child's body.
• Self-infection occurs when a benign formation is damaged by a razor or tight clothing.Growth appeared elsewhere in greater numbers.

Types and external signs of papilloma

There are more than a hundred types of viral manifestations, depending on the type of pathogen:

1. Genital wartsoccurs in the external genitalia, anus, and perineum in men and women.They have a unique shape, reminiscent of a chicken comb or cauliflower.Multiple formations, causing itching and discomfort.In rare cases, anogenital condyloma is localized on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, tongue, and lips.
2. Easy wartsThey are round in shape and most often affect the legs.Usually many papillomas appear, the rash persists for 6-8 months, then it can disappear on its own without any treatment.
3. Flat or juvenile wartsoccurs in adolescents during puberty against the background of hormonal changes in the body.Usually such papillomas are localized on the face, neck, fingers and toes on the back.The growth is flat, light pink or beige in color, painless.
4. Filiform warts or acrochords- This is a light pink or brownish elongated formation.Most often they appear in women under the mammary glands, on the neck, eyelids, face and groin, armpits.
5. Plantar wartslocalized on the soles of the feet and the inside of the hands.The growth causes itching and discomfort when walking.This papilloma looks like a round formation, similar to a callus.In the center there are black dots, along the edges there are rolls of keratin skin.
6. Oncogenic papillomavirushumans cause the development of cancer of the larynx and genital organs in women.

Treatment of papillomas on the face and body

In most cases, skin tags do not cause discomfort and do not require treatment.Exceptions include formations that are constantly injured and are cosmetic defects.

It is impossible to completely cure the HPV virus, but maintenance therapy can help prevent the appearance of skin growths.It is useful for infected people to follow a proper diet, exercise, perform health procedures and abandon bad habits.

To begin with, it is better to treat the papilloma virus with topical drugs.

If no positive changes are observed after taking medication, the tumor is surgically removed.But without early recovery therapy, such procedures are ineffective, as relapses may occur.First, it is necessary to carry out a course of treatment to improve the body's immune defenses.Patients take immunomodulators, vitamin complexes, antiviral and cytotoxic drugs.If there is a concomitant disease, the source of inflammation should be treated.

Surgical treatment methods

It is necessary to treat the pathology surgically if the diameter of the papilloma exceeds 1 cm, if a cancerous tumor is suspected.The doctor removes the growth along with a small amount of surrounding tissue.Then cosmetic sutures are applied.

Alternative methods to treat papillomas on the face and body are:

• Cryodestruction– this is the effect on low temperature neoplasms (-196°).The procedure is painless and does not require anesthetic administration.After treatment with liquid nitrogen, the growth turns white, then blisters form in its place.Gradually, pathological cells die.This method helps treat papillomas on the neck, eyelids, intimate areas and other areas with sensitive skin.
• Electrocoagulation– this is the effect of high frequency current on the affected area.A special ring is placed on the narrow stem or the base of the growth, which burns the tissue.After this, the papilloma is easily removed.No bleeding occurred.
• Laser removalis the least traumatic treatment method.The affected area is exposed to carbon dioxide rays, the liquid evaporates, the tissue becomes dry, dry and turns into a dark crust, which falls off after a week.When removing papillomas on the eyelids and face, it is necessary to avoid contact with ultraviolet rays on the skin, otherwise pigmentation may occur.
• Radiosurgical treatmentdone using special tools.The therapy method is similar to laser cauterization, only in this case a radio knife is used.After removal no scars remain.
• Chemical destruction methodscarried out by using organic acid on the surface of the papilloma, which destroys the pathological cell structure.

If the pain threshold is low or the growth is large, local anesthesia is used.After the operation, the patient must follow the doctor's recommendations and perform disinfection.The excised papilloma is sent for histological examination to exclude the presence of cancer cells.

Relapse after surgical treatment occurs if the affected area is not completely treated.In this case, growth reappears.

Removes genital warts

Before the procedure, a person must undergo a biochemical blood test for the presence of antibodies to the HPV virus, a smear for urogenital infection, and a tissue biopsy.Based on the research results, the doctor chooses the optimal treatment option.

Anogenital condylomas are removed using the same method as papillomas on the neck and face.These are cryodestruction, laser radiation, electrocoagulation, radio wave therapy, chemical destruction.

It is recommended for all patients to treat papillomas in the intimate area, because they can infect their partners with the virus.And growths in the vagina and cervix in women need immediate cutting because they can cause cancer.

Prevention of human HPV

The only way to prevent papillomavirus is vaccination.In some countries, this measure is included in the list of mandatory vaccinations, in other countries the procedure is carried out at the request of the patient.

Vaccine injections are given in 3 stages, with an interval of 1 month and six months after the first injection.Scientific studies have confirmed the effectiveness of this method, which eliminates the cause of benign formations on the skin.

Additional preventive measures include protected sexual intercourse, careful selection of sexual partners, strengthening the immune system, improving body health, using personal hygiene products, and timely treatment of infectious diseases.

Dermatologists can answer the question of why papillomas grow and how they should be treated.The doctor will conduct an examination, prescribe laboratory tests and choose the necessary treatment regimen.